'Summary : Drivers peripherals , supplies, examples'

'\n number one wood - is a course of instruction that is responsible for the action of this finesse contains a set of arguments for the guile and leave behinds a plug into between your computing device and device .\n user interaction with immaterial devices ( reminder , printer, production lines of talk with new(prenominal) data processors, etc.) done a picky(a) course of the direct dodge , called device device device drivers (English driver - driver) .\nSo if you need to bring to the imbue the contents of a register accurately specify the flake of saucer and bill name , and award him the command make to a monitor, in accordance with this team up tear corpse directory to determine bargonly where on the disk the need file away is located and the driver leave provide information that impart launch the coveted drive , principal the pick uping head to the desired track, read the file into store . Then go into to work for the monitor driver , w hich will put the information on the screen.\n number one wood (English driver, pl. Hrs drivers [ 1] ) - a computer syllabus that allows other software program (operating frame ) are minded(p) access to the computer hardware of a device. comm exactly operating formations supplied drivers for break hardware components , without which the system can not work. However, for some devices (such(prenominal) as the video instrument panel or printer) may require peculiar(prenominal) drivers , usually provided by the device manufacturer.\n\nIn the general case, the driver is not required to interact with the hardware devices, it can only imitate them (for spokesperson, a printer driver that writes the output of the programs in the file) , to provide software services that are not cerebrate to the management of devices (for shell , / dev / nobody in Unix, which only produces zero bytes ) , or do nothing (for example , / dev / null on Unix and NUL in a DOS / Windows).\n political theory of drivers\n\nThe operating system manages some virtual(prenominal) device that understands the measuring set of commands . number one wood translates these commands into commands that the device understands outright . This ideology is called synopsis from the hardware . The nations prime(prenominal) computing this rise appeared in a series of UCS and such dominate programs called channel programs.\n\nThe driver consists of some(prenominal) functions that handle certain(a) operating system events . Usually it is 7 main events :\n\n excite Driver . here(predicate) the driver is registered in the system, makes primary low-level formatting , etc.\n drop . Driver releases the captured resources - memory, files, devices , etc.\n Opening the driver. get-go basic work. Typically, the driver program opens the file , functions CreateFile () in Win32 or fopen () on UNIX-like systems.\n Reading.\n Added: the program reads or writes data from / to device s erved by the driver.\n Closure: the opposite operation of the fount , freeing resources when first step a file descriptor and destroys .\n Input-output control (English IO Control, IOCTL). Often the driver supports IO interface , device-specific . With this interface, the program can range a special command that supports this device . For example, for SCSI- devices can depute a command GET_INQUIRY, to get the definition of the device . In Win32- systems controlled via the API- function DeviceIoControl (). In UNIX-like - ioctl ().'